Xiphera

IQM is Europe's leading quantum hardware company, having delivered 15 operational quantum systems to 13 customers across Europe, including installations at supercomputing centers in Germany (LRZ in Munich, Leibniz), Spain (CESGA), and Finland (VTT). Its 150-qubit Radiance system is designed for HPC integration. IQM is vertically integrated across the full stack — from chip design to cryogenic systems and software. The company raised over €1 billion and opened its first U.S. quantum technology center at the University of Maryland in 2025.

Bluefors is the world's dominant manufacturer of dilution refrigerators for quantum computing, holding approximately 40% of the global market. Its systems cool quantum processors to near absolute zero (below 10 millikelvin). The KIDE Cryogenic Platform supports over 1,000 qubits and is designed for next-generation large-scale quantum computers. Bluefors works with essentially every major quantum hardware company (IBM, Rigetti, IQM, Google) and has expanded through acquisitions of Cryomech (US) and Rockgate (Japan). Revenue exceeded €200 million in 2024 with 600+ employees worldwide.

SemiQon develops silicon-based cryo-CMOS quantum chips that combine classical control electronics with qubits on the same chip. This approach addresses the critical wiring bottleneck in quantum computing by moving control electronics inside the cryostat, dramatically reducing the number of cables running between room temperature and the quantum processor. The company leverages standard semiconductor fabrication processes for manufacturability and scalability.

Arqit develops the QuantumCloud platform for quantum-safe encryption, creating symmetric encryption keys that are computationally secure against both classical and quantum attacks. Unlike quantum key distribution (QKD), Arqit's approach is software-based and can work over existing network infrastructure. The company is publicly listed and has government and defense customers, though its technology claims have faced skepticism from some cryptography experts.